Navigating the World with ADHD: Traits, Intelligence, and Research

ADHD stands for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. This neurodevelopmental disorder affects both children and adults. ADHD is characterised by resilience, creativity, energy, persistence, inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that can interfere with daily functioning, academic or occupational performance, and social relationships. A good video explaining ADHD

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There are three main types of ADHD.

1. Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: Individuals with this type of ADHD primarily struggle with inattention. They may have difficulty paying attention to details, sustaining attention to tasks, following through on instructions, and organising tasks and activities.

2. Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation: This type is characterised by hyperactivity and impulsivity without significant problems related to inattention. Individuals with this presentation may be fidgety, talk excessively, have difficulty waiting their turn, and act impulsively without thinking through the consequences.

3. Combined Presentation: This is the most common type of ADHD, where individuals exhibit both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms.

   
   

 Some common symptoms of ADHD

The cause of ADHD is not fully understood. Research has seen a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors.

• Difficulty focusing on tasks or activities.

• Frequent forgetfulness, particularly with daily responsibilities.

• Impulsivity and difficulty controlling impulses.

• Restlessness and an inability to sit still.

• Difficulty in following instructions and completing tasks.

• Frequent distractions and forgetfulness.

  
  

Distribution

There is a higher diagnosis rate in boys than in girls. Some studies have shown 4 to 1, and others 9 to 1. There are a few theories behind this. Is it genetic, are the tests biased towards boys, or are girls better at hiding their symptoms? Girls are good at learning to copy appropriate skills? When diagnosed, they are more likely to have 'inattention' type ADHD, so that it can go unnoticed. Girls with this type are daydreamers, disorganised and inattentive, labelled as underachievers, not ADHD.

ADHD an A-Z: Figuring it Out Step by Step

Navigating the world with an ADHD brain can be exhausting. The rollercoaster ride from clinical assessments through diagnosis to treatment can leave you feeling anxious and isolated, worried about failing or feeling different.

The accessible A-Z format, covering everything from burnout and finances to time management and relationships, gives you the tips and confidence you need to reach your full potential. It empowers you to understand why ADHD brains work the way they do and how to harness your unique mind to think creatively and overcome any hurdle life throws you.

Positive Traits

Resilience

Hyperfocus

Creative and problem-solving

Risk-taking

Ability to concentrate

Energy and passion

Good communication skills

Curiosity

Learning and intelligence

ADHD is seen as a ‘Disability’ because it can be a long-term condition and it impacts a person’s daily living. ADHD is not a learning difficulty. Those with ADHD can have average or above-average intelligence. Diagnosed early, children can learn strategies to manage their behaviour for learning and be successful in their lives.

Co-Morbid conditions

60% - 80% of those with ADHD have what is called Co-Morbid conditions, which are similar to Autism. A person's intellectual ability is not affected by ADHD or Autism. Physical disabilities plus other learning difficulties come along, seeing ADHD and Autism as learning difficulties:

Anxiety

Depression

Conduct Disorder, such as ODD or PDA

Sensory Processing Disorder

Dyslexia

Dyspraxia

Dyscalculia

Dysgraphia

Autism

Speech and Communication Difficulties

Tourette's Syndrome

Bipolar Disorder

Positive Traits

Many successful people we know have ADHD :

Curiosity

Hyper focused

Creative and problem-solving

High energy levels

Impulsive and playful

ResiliencePersistent

Adaptable and more.

Research

Many thought it was down to bad parenting, that a child could not follow the rules and behave. There is much research on the origins and nature of ADHD. Brain scans were performed on children growing up with ADHD and those with those seen as neurotypical, and there is a significant difference between the children diagnosed with ADHD. Genetic differences between identical and non-identical twins have shown that it could be genetic. With support, interventions, and therapies, ADHD children with ADHD can succeed. 

This is the most researched childhood condition, and there is much knowledge about behaviour management and interventions to enable a child to succeed. Sometimes, it’s about thinking differently about learning, allowing a child to learn how they need to. Many children have problems processing information presented to them at school. This is not a reflection on their intelligence.

Support for ADHD

Mental health professionals usually diagnose ADHD. Psychiatrists or Psychologists, with a comprehensive assessment of an individual’s symptoms, behaviour, and history. Treatment often involves a multimodal approach, which may include:

1. Behavioural Therapy: This can help individuals develop strategies to manage their symptoms and improve their organisation, time management, and impulse control.

2. Lifestyle Modifications: ADHD symptoms can be managed with a healthy diet and regular exercise.

3. Education and Support: Psychoeducation and support for individuals with ADHD and their families are essential. Understanding the condition and learning coping strategies can be very helpful.

4. Medication: Stimulant medications (e.g., methylphenidate and amphetamine-based drugs) and non-stimulant medications (e.g., atomoxetine) can be prescribed to manage ADHD symptoms. These medications can help increase attention span and reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity in many individuals.

Life-long condition

With a lifelong condition like ADHD, individuals can lead successful and fulfilling lives with support. Early intervention and ongoing management are crucial to managing the challenges associated with ADHD.